Analysis Of The First Baby Boy s Mother Carries Genes For...

In April 2016 the first baby boy, using a new technique that incorporates DNA from three people, was born. This revolutionary yet also controversial technique promises to help children avoid fatal genetic disorders passed down by their mothers. The boy’s mother carries genes for Leigh syndrome, which is a lethal disorder that affects the developing of the central nervous system. While supported by many, others state that mitochondrial donation is a step too far for genetic engineering. So, what is Leigh syndrome? Leigh syndrome is the most common mitochondrial disease in children (2). It is characterized by the degeneration of the central nervous system (i.e. brain, spinal cord, and optic nerve). The symptoms of the syndrome usually appear between the ages of three months and two years old, but some patients do not show any symptoms until several years later. Symptoms are associated with progressive neurological deterioration and include loss of appetite, vomiting, irritability, and/or seizures. As Leigh syndrome progresses, other symptoms appear, such as general weakness, hypotonia and episodes of lactic acidosis, which may lead to problems of the respiratory system and kidney function. In most cases, Leigh syndrome is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. However, X-linked recessive and maternal, due to a mitochondrial DNA mutation, inheritance are also possible. (2, 6-8) In this case, the gene was inherited from the mother to her offspring(s) due to a mutation found

Comparing Hobbes and Lockes Theories on Nature - 1224 Words

Two books that I am going to be drawing information from for my paper are Hobbes’ â€Å"Leviathan† and Locke’s â€Å"Two Treatises of Government.† This essay will be focusing on the differences between Hobbes’ and Locke’s ideas on the state of nature. One of the biggest, and in my opinion most important points that makes Hobbes different from Locke is his belief that the state of nature is equal to the state of war. Thomas Hobbes was an English philosopher, who lived between 1588 and 1679. He witnessed multiple events throughout his life that later led him to write his book â€Å"Leviathan,† in 1651 once the war had ended. Hobbes witnessed the English Civil War (1642-1651), the interregnum period of England starting in 1649, and the hardest of them†¦show more content†¦(Hobbes PAGE NUMBER)† After that Hobbes goes on to say, â€Å"The life of man is solitary, poore, nasty, brutish, and short.† (Hobbes) He argues that nothing is unjust in the state of nature. He believes that everyone has the right to do anything he/she wants because in the state of nature, there is no right or wrong and there is no law; everyone can do everything and nothing can be unjust. He says that â€Å" Where there is no common power, no law; where no law, no injustice.† (Hobbes) So all in all with Hobbes, he believes that all people are equal, therefore no power over the others in the state can be established. Everyone is the enemy to everyone else, therefore, no on can secure himself/herself, there is no property, and nothing is unjust. So overall, Hobbes state of nature is very pessimistic and is not a place to survive. Locke’s idea of the state of nature is that everyone is equal to everyone. He states that, â€Å"the state of nature is also the state of equality, wherein all the power and jurisdiction is reciprocal, no one having more than another..† (Locke) Locke however, does not think that this leads the people to war. He thinks that the state of nature is NOT equal to the state of war, but there is a chance of it becoming the state of war. He says that the person who committed the crime against a certain person puts himself in the state of war with thatShow MoreRelatedCompare and Contrast Hobbes’s and Locke’s Views of the State of Nature and the Fundamental Purpose of Political Society. Whose View Is the More Plausible? Why?1564 Words   |  7 PagesCompare and contrast Hobbes’s and Locke’s views of the state of nature and the fundamental purpose of political society. Whose view is the more plausible? Why? Introduction Thomas Hobbes and John Locke were both natural law theorists and social contracts theorists. While most natural law theorists have predominantly been of the opinion that humans are social animals by nature, Locke and Hobbes had a different perspective. Their points of view were remarkably different from those

Economics Solutions

Questions: a) Explain the difference between a change in demand and a change in quantity demanded using a graph. b) Discuss the factors affecting to quantity supplies and supply of a product. Answers: (a) A change in quantity demanded of a commodity is represented by a movement along the demand curve as price falls or increases. On the other hand a change in demand represents a demand curve shift due changes in other factors affecting the demand in the market. Fig 1 shows a change in quantity demanded whereas Fig 2 shows a change in demand by the shift of the demand curve upwards if the demand increases and downwards if demand falls. (b) The changes in Price of a product changes the quantity supplied. If the price of a good rises then the quantity supplied of the good also rises, whereas if the price of the good falls the quantity supplied falls. There are many other factors that affect the supply of a commodity in the market and cause shifts in the supply curve. Some of these factors are: 1. Input prices: To produce a commodity a range of inputs are needed. If input price increases, then the cost of producing the good increases which makes producers to produce less of that good and the supply of the good falls. 2. Technology: The technology used in converting the inputs into the final commodity also affects the supply. Advanced technology reduces the costs of firms, hence inducing them to increase supply 3. Expectations: Expectations of changes in price in future also determines how much of the output would be supplied in the present time. If the firms or producers keep expectations that the price of a commodity will increase in future, they would siphon off some of the commodities in storage to supply in future and this will reduce the amount supplied today. 4. Number of Sellers: The higher the number of sellers in the market the greater is the quantity supplied and vice versa. References: Pindyck, R, Rubinfeld, D Mehta, P 2009, Microeconomics, Pearson, South Asia Varian, H 2010, Intermediate microeconomics, Affiliated East-West Press, New Delhi Samuelson, P Nordhaus, W 2010, Economics, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi Mankiw, G 2007, Economics: principles and applications, Cengage Learning, New Delhi Sen, A 2007, Microeconomics, Oxford, New Delhi Lipsey, R Chrystal, A 2011, Economics, Oxford, New Delhi Sowell, T 2010, Basic economics, Basic books, USA Hall, R Lieberman, M 2010, Economics: Principles and applications, Cengage learning, USA Sikdar,S 2006, Principles of Macroeconomics,New Delhi, Oxford. Mankiw, G 2003, Macroeconomics, USA, Worth Publishers.

The Highs and Lows of the Wild Year of Bitcoin Essay Example For Students

The Highs and Lows of the Wild Year of Bitcoin Essay Hamza Shaban, a writer for The Washington Post, discusses the noteworthy events of the life of bitcoin in his article, â€Å"The Highs and Lows of the Wild Year of Bitcoin.† Bitcoin, a type of currency that can be used online, has accomplished a lot in 2017. In the past year, a type of worldwide payment system arose out of the shadows and gained massive amounts of popularity. At the beginning of 2017, one bitcoin was worth $973. This may have already seemed like a lot, but it isn’t compared to what it would soon become. It’s value then had increased by more than 15 times, so it was worth $14,670 by December. Shaban explains that this can be accredited to its rise in popularity: The more people invest, the higher its price is. Bitcoin, however, did not always have positive accomplishments. We will write a custom essay on The Highs and Lows of the Wild Year of Bitcoin specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Shaban adds that near the end of the year, bitcoin’s value would decline by thirty percent in just one day. The digital currency would have many positive effects, but possible more negative effects on people. People are doing rather dicey things because of bitcoin fever. Bitcoin is a type of asset that is unpredictable and liable to change. People, though, are still eager to invest and purchase it. Christian Catalini believes that â€Å"People should consider this as a form of gambling† (qtd. In Shaban). As if all of this â€Å"gambling† wasn’t enough, Shaban says that several businesses are changing their names to contain the word â€Å"blockchain† which he defines as â€Å"the technology that drives the virtual currency† (Shaban). Their strategies were successful, though. The stock price of Long Blockchain (formerly Long Island Iced tea) tripled and On-Line Blockchain PLC’s shares increased by about 400 percent when the news of their name change arose. While bitcoin affected many individuals and businesses positively, many did not experience a positive outcome from bitcoin and people are having to keep their eye on it. Bitcoin was hacked at the beginning of December, many lost their information to access bitcoin, and regulations are beginning to be placed on bitcoin. Shaban explains that $70 million worth of bitcoin were stolen by hackers. Also, he shares that many investors have forgotten or lost their access information causing them to go to extremes to get their money back. Aside from this, the U.S. government is beginning to monitor the use of bitcoin. Shaban states that other countries like Australia, Japan, and South Korea have been placing regulations on bitcoin this year.These regulations, however, would serve as a way to protect people from bitcoin’s possible negative outcomes and they are a sign that bitcoin may be the beginning of a new era of payment. Because of bitcoin, cryptocurrency may become a more popular form of exchange. â€Å"As bitcoin moves closer to mainstream applications, Catalini sees new forms of centralization taking hold, such as the rise in popularity and influences of cryptocurrency exchanges, because consumers tend to prefer products that are convenient and accessible† (Shaban). Shaban reiterates Catalini’s prediction about the future of cryptocurrency. Since people like to have everything available at their fingertips, bitcoin is perhaps what the world needed to move currency into technology like so many parts of our lives. The Highs and Lows of the Wild Year of Bitcoin Essay Example For Students The Highs and Lows of the Wild Year of Bitcoin Essay Hamza Shaban, a writer for The Washington Post, discusses the noteworthy events of the life of bitcoin in his article, â€Å"The Highs and Lows of the Wild Year of Bitcoin.† Bitcoin, a type of currency that can be used online, has accomplished a lot in 2017. In the past year, a type of worldwide payment system arose out of the shadows and gained massive amounts of popularity. At the beginning of 2017, one bitcoin was worth $973. This may have already seemed like a lot, but it isn’t compared to what it would soon become. It’s value then had increased by more than 15 times, so it was worth $14,670 by December. Shaban explains that this can be accredited to its rise in popularity: The more people invest, the higher its price is. Bitcoin, however, did not always have positive accomplishments. We will write a custom essay on The Highs and Lows of the Wild Year of Bitcoin specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Shaban adds that near the end of the year, bitcoin’s value would decline by thirty percent in just one day. The digital currency would have many positive effects, but possible more negative effects on people. People are doing rather dicey things because of bitcoin fever. Bitcoin is a type of asset that is unpredictable and liable to change. People, though, are still eager to invest and purchase it. Christian Catalini believes that â€Å"People should consider this as a form of gambling† (qtd. In Shaban). As if all of this â€Å"gambling† wasn’t enough, Shaban says that several businesses are changing their names to contain the word â€Å"blockchain† which he defines as â€Å"the technology that drives the virtual currency† (Shaban). Their strategies were successful, though. The stock price of Long Blockchain (formerly Long Island Iced tea) tripled and On-Line Blockchain PLC’s shares increased by about 400 percent when the news of their name change arose. While bitcoin affected many individuals and businesses positively, many did not experience a positive outcome from bitcoin and people are having to keep their eye on it. Bitcoin was hacked at the beginning of December, many lost their information to access bitcoin, and regulations are beginning to be placed on bitcoin. Shaban explains that $70 million worth of bitcoin were stolen by hackers. Also, he shares that many investors have forgotten or lost their access information causing them to go to extremes to get their money back. Aside from this, the U.S. government is beginning to monitor the use of bitcoin. Shaban states that other countries like Australia, Japan, and South Korea have been placing regulations on bitcoin this year.These regulations, however, would serve as a way to protect people from bitcoin’s possible negative outcomes and they are a sign that bitcoin may be the beginning of a new era of payment. Because of bitcoin, cryptocurrency may become a more popular form of exchange. â€Å"As bitcoin moves closer to mainstream applications, Catalini sees new forms of centralization taking hold, such as the rise in popularity and influences of cryptocurrency exchanges, because consumers tend to prefer products that are convenient and accessible† (Shaban). Shaban reiterates Catalini’s prediction about the future of cryptocurrency. Since people like to have everything available at their fingertips, bitcoin is perhaps what the world needed to move currency into technology like so many parts of our lives.